CSS is Going Gosh-Darned Hog Wild, I Inform Ya What - CSS Design Feed

CSS is Going Gosh-Darned Hog Wild, I Inform Ya What

As somebody simply sittin’ again watching CSS evolve, it looks like we’re at one of many hottest moments of innovation in CSS historical past. It was actually one thing after we acquired flexbox throughout all browsers, and never terribly lengthy after, grid. They modified the sport from CSS feeling like an ungainly assortment of methods to one thing extra smart and of the occasions.

That feeling retains getting increasingly more true on a regular basis. Simply within the final brief whereas, right here’s an inventory of issues taking place.

⚠️🤷 The syntax won’t be precisely like several of the snippets under this once they ship for actual. 🤷⚠️

Native Nesting

Native Nesting has turn into a First Public Working Draft, that means it’s lots nearer to turning into an actual factor than ever earlier than. Lots of people use preprocessors only for the comfort of nesting and this must be useful for these seeking to simplify their construct instruments to keep away from that.

I particularly like how one can nest conditional rules.

.card {  & .title { }  & .physique { }  @media (min-inline-size > 1000px) {    & { }  }  @nest physique.darkish & { }}

I’ve heard whispers of this being a workable concept too, which avoids requiring the & on easy selectors and likewise avoids @nest in any respect.

.card {{  .title { }  .physique { }  physique.darkish & { }}}

Container Queries

Container Queries is simply an Editor’s Draft (CSS Containment Module Level 3) for the time being, however they have already got an implementation in Chrome (with a flag). These are an enormous deal as they permit us to make styling selections based mostly on the dimensions of the container itself, which in immediately’s component-driven world, is only a completely good concept.

• Miriam Suzanne: Container Query Proposal & Explainer
• Stephanie Eckles: A Primer On CSS Container Queries
• Geoff Graham: A Cornucopia of Container Queries
• Una Kravets: Next Gen CSS: @container

See the code for a simple example site (may look bizarre in case you don’t have the flag on in Chrome).

/* Set containment on the guardian you are querying */.card-container {  /* Each work proper now, undecided which is correct */  comprise: model structure inline-size;  container: inline-size;}.card {  show: flex;}@container (max-width: 500px) {  /* Should model a baby, not the container */  .card {    flex-direction: column;  }}

Container Items

Continer Units have a draft spec as effectively, which, to me, practically doubles the usefulness of container queries. The concept is that you’ve a unit that’s based mostly on the dimensions of the container (width, peak, or “inline-size” / “block-size”). I think about the qi unit is probably the most helpful.

Hopefully quickly, we’ll be writing container-scoped CSS that kinds itself based mostly on the dimensions of itself and may go that dimension for different properties to make use of inside. The font-size property is a simple instance of how helpful that is (fonts that scale in dimension based mostly on their container), however I’m certain container models shall be used for all types of stuff, like hole, padding, and who is aware of what all else.

/* Set containment on the guardian you are querying */.card-container {  /* Each work proper now, undecided which is correct */  comprise: model structure inline-size;  container: inline-size;}.card h2 {  font-size: 1.5rem; /* fallback */}@container sort(inline-size) {  .card h2 {    font-size: clamp(14px, 1rem + 2qi, 56px)  }}

Cascade Layers

Cascade Layers (in Working Draft spec) introduces an entire new paradigm for which CSS selectors win within the Cascade. Proper now it’s principally a specificity contest. Selectors with the very best specificity win, solely dropping out to inline kinds and particular guidelines with !essential clauses. However with layers, any matching selector on a better layer would win.

• Miriam Suzanne: Simple example/demo and an explainer doc.
• Bramus Van Damme: The Future of CSS: Cascade Layers (CSS @layer)

@layer base;      @layer theme;   @layer utilities; /* Reset kinds with no layer (tremendous low) */* { box-sizing: border-box; }@layer theme {   .card { background: var(--card-bg); }}@layer base {   /* Most kinds? */}@layer utilities {  .no-margin { margin: 0; }}

@when

Tab Atkins’ proposal for CSS When/Else Guidelines has been accepted and is a means of expressing @media and @helps queries in such a means you could rather more simply specific else situations. Whereas media queries have already got some capability to do logic, doing mutually unique queries has lengthy been onerous to precise and this makes it quite simple.

@when media(width >= 400px) and media(pointer: superb) and helps(show: flex) {  /* A */} @else helps(caret-color: pink) and helps(background: double-rainbow()) {  /* B */} @else {  /* C */}

Scoping

The concept of Scoped Styles (this one is an Editor’s Draft) is that it gives a syntax for writing a block of kinds that solely apply to a sure selector and inside, but additionally have the power to cease the scope, creating a scope donut.

My favourite a part of all that is the “proximity” power stuff. Miriam explains like this:

.light-theme a { shade: purple; }.dark-theme a { shade: plum; }

<div class="dark-theme">  <a href="https://css-tricks.com/css-is-going-gosh-darned-hog-wild-i-tell-ya-what/#">plum</a>  <div class="light-theme">    <a href="https://css-tricks.com/css-is-going-gosh-darned-hog-wild-i-tell-ya-what/#">additionally plum???</a>  </div></div>

Good level proper?! There isn’t a nice approach to specific that you really want the proximity of that hyperlink to the .light-theme to win. Proper now, the truth that the specificity of each themes is similar, however .dark-theme comes after — so it wins. Hopefully scoped kinds helps with this angle, too.

@scope (.card) to (.content material) {  :scope {    show: grid;    grid-template-columns: 50px 1fr;  }  img {    filter: grayscale(100%);    border-radius: 50%;  }  .content material { ... }}

/* Proximity assist! */@scope (.light-theme) {  a {    shade: purple;  }}@scope (.dark-theme) {  a {    shade: plum;  }}

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You’ll be able to’t use something on this checklist proper now in your manufacturing web sites. In spite of everything these years trying to observe this sort of factor, I stay ignorant to the way it all in the end goes. I believe the specs should be completed and agreed upon first. Then browsers decide them up, hopefully a couple of. And as soon as they’ve, then I believe the specs will be finalized?

I dunno. Possibly a few of it’s going to die. Possibly a few of it’s going to occur tremendous quick, and a few tremendous gradual. Probably, a few of it’s going to drop in some browsers however not others. Hey, no less than now we have evergreen browsers now in order that when issues do drop, it occurs quick. I really feel like proper now we’re in a stage the place a lot of the greatest and greatest CSS options are supported throughout all browsers, however with all this coming, we’ll be headed right into a part the place help for the latest-and-greatest shall be rather more spotty.

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